The basic working principle of lithium battery

The basic working principle of lithium battery

1. The basic structure of lithium battery

Main materials: positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, diaphragm

Structure: round, square; laminated, wound

Form: polymer (flexible packaging), liquid lithium ion (steel shell)

The principle concept of power battery is so simple!

Second, the working principle of lithium batteries

Positive electrode material: LiMn2O4, negative electrode material: Graphite

During charging, Li+ in the positive electrode and Li+ in the electrolyte aggregate to the negative electrode to obtain electrons, which are reduced to Li and embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode. During discharge, Li embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode loses electrons and enters the electrolyte, and Li+ in the electrolyte moves to the positive electrode.

3. The composition principle of lithium battery

① Positive electrode structure

LiMn2O4 (lithium manganate) + conductive agent (acetylene black) + binder (PVDF) + current collector (aluminum foil) positive electrode

②Negative structure

Graphite + conductive agent (acetylene black) + binder (PVDF) + collector (copper foil) negative electrode

The principle concept of power battery is so simple!

4. Charging process

The power supply charges the battery. At this time, the electron e on the positive electrode runs from the external circuit to the negative electrode, and the positive lithium ion Li+ "jumps" from the positive electrode into the electrolyte, "climbs" through the arc-shaped hole on the diaphragm, and "swims" "it reaches the negative electrode and interacts with the The electrons that ran past combine.

The reaction that takes place on the positive electrode is LiMn2O4==Li1-xMn2O4+Xli++Xe (electrons)

The reaction on the negative electrode is 6C+XLi+Xe==LixC6

5. Discharge process

When the battery is discharged, the electrons e on the negative electrode run from the external circuit to the positive electrode, and the lithium ions Li+ of the positive electrode "jump" from the negative electrode into the electrolyte, "climb" through the arc-shaped holes on the diaphragm, and "swim" to the positive electrode and have already run away. passed electronic bonding.

The reaction that takes place on the positive electrode is Li1-xMn2O4+xli++xe (electron)==LiMn2O4

The reaction on the negative electrode is LixC6==6C+xLi+xe